Steel fire doors play a crucial role in building safety, acting as a barrier to prevent the spread of fire and smoke. One often overlooked but essential component of fire doors is the hinge.
In this comprehensive guide, we explore the importance of hinge grades in fire door compliance and safety, with a focus on UK regulations and best practices.
What are fire door hinges?
Fire door hinges are specially designed components that connect fire doors to their frames. Unlike standard door hinges, fire door hinges are engineered to withstand high temperatures and maintain the door’s integrity during a fire. They are typically made from materials with high melting points, such as stainless steel, brass, or phosphor bronze.
Why are fire door hinges important?
Fire door hinges play a critical role in maintaining the fire-resistance of a door assembly. In the event of a fire, these hinges must keep the door in place and functioning properly to prevent the spread of fire and smoke. Standard hinges may melt or fail under extreme heat, compromising the door’s ability to contain the fire.
What are hinge grades?
Hinge grades refer to the performance classification of hinges based on various factors, including durability, fire resistance, and load-bearing capacity. In the UK, hinges are classified according to BS EN 1935, which sets out the requirements and test methods for single-axis hinges.
How are hinge grades determined?
BS EN 1935 classifies hinges using an 8-digit code, with each digit representing a specific performance characteristic. For fire door applications, particular attention is paid to the following digits:
- Digit 4: Fire resistance
- Digit 5: Safety
- Digit 7: Corrosion resistance
- Digit 8: Hinge grade (1-14, with 14 being the highest performance)
What grade should fire door hinges be?
For fire doors, it’s generally recommended to use Grade 13 hinges. Grade 13 hinges are designed to meet the stringent requirements of fire safety regulations and can withstand the weight and stress associated with fire doors.
Why are Grade 13 hinges recommended for fire doors?
Grade 13 hinges offer several advantages for fire door applications:
- High load-bearing capacity: They can support heavier fire doors, which typically weigh around 40 kg compared to standard doors at 15 kg.
- Durability: Grade 13 hinges are designed to withstand frequent use and the additional stress of door closers.
- Fire resistance: These hinges maintain their integrity during a fire, helping to keep the door in place for the required time period.
How many hinges does a fire door need?
It is recommended that fire doors be fitted with 3 hinges. This ensures proper support and maintains the door’s integrity during a fire. In some cases, such as with particularly tall or heavy doors, 4 hinges may be necessary.
What types of fire door hinges are available?
Several types of fire door hinges are available, including:
- Ball bearing hinges: These reduce friction and are suitable for heavy or frequently used doors.
- Lift-off hinges: Allow for easy door removal when necessary.
- Spring hinges: Incorporate a spring mechanism to assist with door closing.
What other factors should be considered when selecting fire door hinges?
When choosing fire door hinges, consider the following:
- CE marking: Ensure the hinges are CE marked, indicating compliance with relevant European standards.
- Material: Hinges should be made from materials with a melting point of at least 800°C, such as stainless steel or brass.
- Compatibility: Verify that the hinges are compatible with the specific fire door and frame.
- Door closer requirements: If using a door closer, factor in the additional stress this places on the hinges.
Fire door solutions at Bradbury Group
Understanding the role of hinge grades in fire door compliance and safety is crucial for maintaining effective fire protection in buildings. For expert advice on fire door solutions and to explore our range of high-quality, compliant fire doors, contact Bradbury Group today.
Our team of specialists can help you select the right fire door assemblies, including appropriate hinges, to meet your specific requirements and ensure compliance with UK fire safety regulations.
Don’t compromise on fire safety – choose Bradbury Group for peace of mind and unparalleled protection.